All Living organisms are organised into large groups called
Kingdoms. Fungi were originally placed in the Plant Kingdom
then, scientists learned that fungi were more closely
related to animals than to plants. The scientists decided
that fungi were not sufficiently similar to animals to be
placed in the animal kingdom and so today fungi have their
own Kingdom - the Fungal Kingdom.
The fungal kingdom is largely hidden from our view and we
usually only see the "fruit" of a fungus. The living body of
a fungus is called a mycelium and is made up of a branching
network of filaments known as hyphae. Fungal mycelia are
usually hidden in a food source like wood and we only know
they are there when they develop mushrooms or other fruiting
bodies. Some fungi only produce microscopic fruiting bodies
and we never notice them.
Fungi feed by absorbing nutrients from the organic material
that they live in. They digest their food before they absorb
it by secreting acids and enzymes. Different fungi have
evolved to live on various types of organic matter, some
live on plants (Phytopthora infestans - the potato
blight fungus) some on animals (the athlete's foot fungus)
and some even live on insects (Cordyceps
australis).